EU AI Act by sector

Credit scoring, fraud detection and algorithmic trading fall under the strictest EU AI Act requirements. Annex III classifies creditworthiness assessment and insurance pricing as high-risk. Meanwhile, you must navigate between existing regulation (MiFID II, PSD2) and the new AI obligations.

From benefits allocation to predictive policing: government applications of AI directly affect fundamental rights. The EU AI Act classifies access to essential public services, law enforcement and migration as high-risk (Annex III). Transparency and public trust are crucial here.

CV screening and automated candidate selection are explicitly high-risk under Annex III. Bias in hiring, employee monitoring and works council involvement make AI compliance in HR particularly complex. The fines are high, the reputational damage even higher.

Automated grading, personalized learning and proctoring fall under high-risk: access to education and student assessment are listed in Annex III. Data protection of minors, fairness in assessment and the digital divide make this a sector with unique challenges.

Medical diagnostics, treatment recommendations and patient triage directly affect patient safety. The EU AI Act overlaps here with the MDR and IVDR. AI as a medical device is high-risk by definition. Clinical validation and data sensitivity require a specialized approach.

Energy, water and telecom form critical infrastructure. AI systems for grid management, predictive maintenance and demand forecasting often fall under high-risk due to classification as essential services. The NIS2 directive and sector-specific regulation overlap here with the EU AI Act.

Dynamic pricing, recommendation algorithms and automated customer service directly affect consumer rights. The EU AI Act requires transparency in AI interactions, and the overlap with the Digital Services Act and consumer protection makes retail compliance particularly multifaceted.

AI for legal research, contract analysis and outcome prediction directly affects access to the justice system. Annex III classifies AI systems that influence access to legal aid as high-risk. Explainability and human oversight are essential here.